Weight of Russian coins - from scales to modern denominations

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Antique coin scales (Hermitage exhibition)

The basis of any examination of a coin is its weighing. A deviation from the norm may mean that the coin is counterfeit. In addition, the low weight of gold coins with a normal diameter and thickness indicates a low standard. It should be taken into account that until the middle of the 19th century there were no clear weight standards for small coins, so when checking for authenticity, the error must be taken into account. Copper coins of the 18th century have a deviation of up to 20%; for silver and gold coins it is much less. The information presented in the tables will help in self-identification, especially in cases where due to severe wear it is impossible to read the denomination. For example, copper coins from 1757 to 1796 with a denomination of up to 5 kopecks have an absolutely identical design, the only difference is in the writing of the denomination, which cannot always be distinguished.

National coins

Copper coins:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
Half a half	1700	1,60
Polushka, 1/4 kopeck	1700-1701	3,20
1701-1704	2,65
1704-1712	2.13 and 2.05
1713-1718	2,05
1718-1722	1,02
1727	1,02
1730-1754	4,10
1757-1796	2,56
1796	1,28
1797-1810, 1839-1846	2,56
1849-1867	1,28
1867-1916	0,82
Denga, Denga, Money, 1/2 kopeck	1700-1701	6,40
1701-1704	5,30
1704-1712	4.27 and 4.10
1713-1718	4,10
1718	2,05
1730-1754	8,19
1757-1760	5,12
1762	2,56
1763-1796	5,12
1796	2,56
1797-1810	5,12
1810-1828	3,41
1839-1848	5,12
1849-1867	2,56
1867-1916	1,64
Kopek	1704-1712	8.35 and 8.19
1713-1718	8,19
1718 and 1721	4,10
1724 and 1726	8,19
1727-1729	4,10
1730, 1735, 1743 and 1755-1757	20,48
1757-1761	10,24
1762	5,12
1763-1796	10,24
1796	5,12
1797-1810	10,24
1810-1830	6,83
1830-1839	4,55
1839-1847	10,24
1849-1867	5,12
1867-1917	3,28
1916	1,64
Penny, 2 kopecks	1724 and 1727	8,19
1740, 1757-1762	20,48
1760 and 1762	10,24
1763-1796	20,48
1796	10,24
1797-1810	20,48
1810-1830	13,65
1830-1839	9,10
1839-1848	20,48
1849-1867	10,24
1867-1916	6,55
1916	3,28
3 kopecks	1827	13,65
1839-1848	30,71
1849-1867	15,36
1867-1916	9,83
1916	4,91
4 kopecks	1762 and 1796	20,48
5 kopecks	1727-1730 and 1740	20,48
1757-1796	51,19
1796	25,59
1802-1810	51,19
1830-1839	22,75
1849-1867	25,59
1867-1917	16,38
1916	8,19
Hryvennik, Hryvnia, 10 kopecks	1726	40,95
1762 and 1796	51,19
1830-1839	45,50
Sestroretsk ruble	1770-1771	1023,78

Square boards:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
Kopek	1726	16,38
Five kopecks	1726	81,90
Hryvnia	1725-1727	163,80
Half a half	1725-1726	409,51
Poltina	1726	819,03
Ruble	1725-1726	1638,05

"Siberian" coins:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
10 kopecks	1764-1781	65,52
5 kopecks	1764-1780	32,76
2 kopecks	1764-1780	13,10
Kopek	1764-1779	6,55
Money	1764-1779	3,28
Polushka	1766-1779	1,64

Silver coins:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
Kopek	1713-1714	0,60
1718	0,57
1729-1730	0,30
Grosh	1727	0.55 and 1.27
Altyn, Altynnik, 3 kopecks	1704	0,80
1710-1712	0,84
1713-1714 and 1718	1,70
1727	0,80
Ten money, 5 kopecks	1701-1704	1,40
1713-1714	2,83
1755-1761	1,21
1762	1,17
1763	1,20
1797	1,46
1798-1801	1,04
1810-1812	1,20
1813-1860	1,04
1860-1866	1,02
1867-1915	0.90
Hryvennik, Hryvnia, 10 kopecks	1701-1706	2,84
1707-1708	2,84
1710 and 1713	2,84
1718-1723	2,84
1726-1727	2,66
1731-1739	2,59
1741-1745	2,59
1746-1757	2,42
1764-1796	2,37
1797	2,93
1798-1810	2,07
1810-1812	2,40
1813-1860	2,07
1860-1866	2,04
1867-1917	1,80
15 kopecks	1760	3,60
1762	3,52
1763	3,60
1764-1794	3,56
1832-1841	3,11
1860-1866	3,06
1867-1917	2,70
20 kopecks	1760	4,80
1762	4,72
1763	4,80
1764-1793	4,77
1810-1811	4,80
1813-1860	4,15
1860-1866	4,08
1867-1917	3,60
Half-fifty, Half-and-half, 25 kopecks	1699-1706	7,00
1707	7,00
1710	7,00
1713	7,00
1726	6,68
1730	7,11
1739-1794	6,46
1755-1758	6,04
1764-1796	5,97
1797	7,31
1798-1885	5,18
1860	6,00
1886-1901	5,00
Poltina, Poltinnik, 50 kopecks	1699-1706	14,00
1707	14,00
1710	14,00
1712	14,25
1718-1729	14,22
1731-1761	12,93
1762-1796	12,00
1797	14,63
1798-1885	10,37
1860	12,00
1886-1914	10,00
Ruble	1704-1705	28,00
1707	28,00
1710	27,50
1712-1714	28,50
1718-1729	28,44
1730-1761	25,85
1762-1796	24,00
1796-1797	29,25
1798-1885	20,73
1860	24,00
1886-1915	20,00
1 1/2 rubles	1833-1841	31,10
Efimok	1798	37,10

Golden coins:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
Poltina	1756	0,80
1777-1778	0,65
Ruble	1756-1758	1,60
1779	1,31
2 rubles	1718-1728	4,10
1756, 1758	3,24
1766, 1785	2,62
3 rubles	1834-1841	3,93
1869-1885	3,93
Chervonets	1701-1711	3,47
1712-1716	3,47
1729-1748	3,47
1749-1753	3,47
1796-1797	3,49
Double chervonets	1701-1702	6,94
1714	6,94
1749-1751	6,94
5 russ	1895	4,30
5 rubles	1755-1763	8,23
1764-1796	6,54
1798-1805	6,08
1817-1885	6,54
1886-1896	6,54
1897-1911	4,30
7 rubles 50 kopecks	1897	6,45
10 rubles	1755-1763	16,54
1764-1796	13,09
1802-1805	12,17
1886-1897	12,90
1896-1911	8,60
10 russ	1895	8,60
15 russ	1895	12,90
15 rubles	1897	12,90
20 rubles	1755	33,14
25 rubles	1876	32,72
1896, 1908	32,26
37 rubles 50 kopecks - 100 francs	1902	32,26

Platinum coins:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
3 rubles	1828-1845	10,35
6 rubles	1829-1845	20,71
12 rubles	1830-1845	41,71

How much do 10 kopecks weigh?

If the question had indicated not weight, but diameter, the answer would have been unchanged since the time of Paul the First. But the weight directly depended on the silver, the sample of which underwent changes. So Anna Ioannovna’s ten-kopeck piece was made from 802-grade silver, and it weighed 2.59 grams. Under Ivan Antonovich and Elizabeth, the 750th sample of metal was already used, and since 1746 the weight has been reduced to 2.42 grams. Peter the Third transfers the ten-kopeck denomination to the group of copper coins, which leads to a dramatic change in weight - 51.19 grams. Catherine the Second returns the silver ten-kopeck piece, but with her it already weighs 2.37 grams. At the end of her reign we will again see 10 kopecks made of copper (51.19 g). Pavel the First mints silver coins from 868-carat metal. The weight of the dime first increases to 2.93 grams, but then sharply drops to 2.07 grams. He remains the same under Alexander and Nicholas. However, during the last decade, heavy (45.45 g) ten-kopeck coins were also minted from copper. Alexander II consistently reduces the silver standard from 868 to 500 (billion). The weight of our denomination is also reduced to 1.8 grams. It remained in this weight until the 30s of the 20th century, when cupronickel replaced silver.

Regional releases

Poland (copper):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
3 groschen	1817-1841	8,57
1 penny	1816-1841	2,86

Poland (silver):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
10 zloty	1820-1827	31,08
5 zlotys	1816-1834	15,54
2 zlotys	1816-1834	9,09
1 zloty	1818-1834	4,54
10 groschen	1816-1840	2,91
5 groschen	1816-1841	1,54

Poland (gold):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
50 zlotys	1817-1823	9,81
1827	9,81
1829	9,81
25 zlotys	1817-1819	4,91
1822-1825	4,91
1828-1829	4,91
1832-1833	4,91
Ducat	1831	3,49

Russian-Polish denomination designation (silver):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
1 1/2 rubles - 10 zlotys	1833-1841	31,10
3/4 ruble - 5 zloty	1833-1841	15,55
30 kopecks - 2 zlotys	1834-1841	6,22
25 kopecks - 50 groschen	1842-1850	5,18
20 kopecks - 40 groschen	1842-1850	4,15
15 kopecks - 1 zloty	1832-1841	3,11
10 kopecks - 20 groschen	1842	2,07
5 kopecks - 10 groschen	1842	1,04

Russian-Polish denomination (gold):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
3 rubles - 20 zlotys	1834-1841	3,93

Finland (copper):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
20 pennies	1863	25,60
10 pennies	1863-1917	12,80
5 pennies	1863-1917	6,40
2 pennies	1866	2,59
1 penny	1863-1917	1,28

Finland (silver):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
2 stamps	1865-1908	10,37
1 stamp	1864-1915	5,18
50 pennies	1865-1917	2,55
25 pennies	1865-1917	1,27
20 pennies	1866	1,02

Finland (gold):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
20 marks	1878-1880	6,45
1891	6,45
1903-1904	6,45
1910-1913	6,45
10 marks	1878-1879	3,23
1881-1882	3,23
1904-1905	3,23
1913	3,23

Prussia:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
1/3 thaler	1761	7,79
18 groschen	1759-1761	5,85
1/6 thaler	1761	4,31
6 groschen	1759-1762	2.83 and 2.79
3 groschen	1759-1761	1.56 and 1.54
2 pennies	1759-1761	1.46 and 1.44
1 penny	1759-1761	0.84 and 0.82
Solid	—	—

Georgia (copper):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
Bisti	1804-1833	6,31
1828	6,66
Half-bisti	1804-1831	3,15
1828	3,33
Bullets	1804-1833	1,58

Georgia (silver):

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
Double Abaz	1804-1810	15,55
Abaz	1804-1810	7,77
Semi-base	1804-1806	3,89

Moldavia and Wallachia:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
5 kopecks	1771	37,92
2 pair - 3 kopecks	1772-1774	22,75
3 money	1771	11,37
Pair - 3 money	1771-1773	—

Baltics:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
96 kopecks	1756-1757	26,38
48 kopecks	1756-1757	13,19
24 kopecks	1756-1757	6,59
4 kopecks	1756-1757	1,10
2 kopecks	1756-1757	1,05

Tauride coins:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
20 kopecks	1787	8,73
10 kopecks	1787	4,37
5 kopecks	1787	2,18
2 kopecks	1787	0,87

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
Poltinfa (six hundred)	1707	3,20
Tinf	1707-1709	6,40

Principality of Holstein-Gottorp:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
Albertusthaler	1753	28,07

Principality of Jever:

Denomination	Minting time	Weight in grams
Thaler	1798	22,27
Poltalera	1798	11,14

Article last modified: 02/07/2018

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Weight of 1 kopeck in Russia

But the penny has been stable for two decades. And this saves knowledgeable people a lot of time! Knowing that a modern penny is one and a half grams of metal, we will not count a mountain of penny coins. We weigh them and take two-thirds of the displayed value, thereby obtaining the quantity and total amount. Under the USSR, a penny weighed exactly one gram. Since 1926, the weight of one, two, three and five kopecks corresponded to their face value, which made it possible not only to accept coins by weight, but also to use small coins as improvised weights.

With the help of weighing, numismatists easily and simply separate the expensive mix-ups of three kopecks on a two-kopeck piece from the colored coins. The weight of the original in nickel silver is 3.4 grams, and the coated troyak will show 3 grams when weighed. with acceptable deviations. We hope that our little research has proven to you how important weight characteristics are in numismatics. Scales are a necessary item in the arsenal of any serious numismatist.

Modern units of measurement for precious stones and metals

Weight of pure gold in grams

The carat, already described above, which is of Arabic origin, is now widely used to measure the weight of precious stones. The weight of one carat has changed at different times and in different countries, but is now equivalent to 0.2 grams. For metals, the English system of measures is used, which includes the English pound (453.59237 g), English ounce (28.349523125 g), grain (1/7000 of a pound), troy ounce (31.1034768 g), and other, lesser-known measures. The troy ounce (480 grains) has become an international measure of the weight of precious metals. The name comes from the city of Troyes in northern France, which in the Middle Ages was one of the important European trading hubs; the troy ounce is based on the French livre. Almost all investment and collection coins of Russia and other countries have a pure metal weight of a certain fraction of a troy ounce, or several ounces. Taking into account the fineness, the total weight of the coins is higher. For example, silver 3-ruble coins issued since 1992 include 1 ounce of pure silver, and the gold investment coin “St. George the Victorious” contains ¼ ​​ounce of gold. The exchange rate of precious metals against foreign currencies is also expressed in troy ounces. Soviet gold chervonets, based on the Old Russian system of measures, differ slightly in weight from ¼ ounce, but are close to it. Photos provided by site users: Andrey_P, Moneta100, Admin.

Article last modified: 01/11/2018

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Comments:

Hello!
My great-grandmother said that her father: “Measured gold in buckets.” This phrase is passed down from generation to generation. I have been looking for information for a long, long time, WHAT buckets are we talking about? (how rich was our family before the revolution?) This apparently happened in the 19th century - my great-grandmother was born at the end of the 19th century. Help me please. THANK YOU. 05/16/2012 at 17:24:10

Most likely, your great-grandmother wanted to show with this phrase that her father was very rich. It’s just a saying, like: “Money doesn’t matter to chickens.” In fact, gold was not measured with any buckets.

Author: Admin 05/17/2012 at 02:30:31

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Price

The price of silver rubles from Tsarist Russia varies depending on the degree of preservation, the features of the coin and the circulation. An important feature that increases the value of a monetary unit is errors in coinage and history associated with its appearance. For example, before the coronation of Constantine I, a test batch of silver rubles was minted, but the future king never ascended the throne (Nicholas was crowned instead). The circulation did not enter circulation, but the price of such coins reached $100,000.

The most expensive silver coins of Tsarist Russia 1701-1911. with price:

• 1 ruble of 1705 Peter I with an error in the year of minting – $23,000;
• 1 ruble 1730 “Anna with a chain” – $700,000;
• 1 ruble 1806 experimental with a portrait of Alexander I – $285,000;
• 1 ruble 1825 experimental with a portrait of Konstantin Pavlovich - $100,000;
• 1 ruble of 1861 (from 70,000 coins only 10 pieces remain) – $21,000.

Many silver coins of Tsarist Russia Nicholas II were counterfeited in the post-revolutionary era, so before you buy Nicholas rubles, it is important to check whether they are original or fake. In the first years of the existence of the USSR, the Soviet government did not have the opportunity to create its own stamp; the royal stamp and production were used for minting.